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Admiral of the Fleet John Cronyn Tovey, 1st Baron Tovey, GCB, KBE, DSO, DCL (7 March 1885 – 12 January 1971), sometimes known as Jack Tovey, was a Royal Navy officer. During the First World War he commanded the destroyer HMS ''Onslow'' at the Battle of Jutland and then commanded the destroyer HMS ''Ursa'' at the Second Battle of Heligoland Bight. During the Second World War he initially served as Second-in-Command of the Mediterranean Fleet in which role he commanded the Mediterranean Fleet's Light Forces (i.e. cruisers and destroyers). He then served as Commander-in-Chief of the Home Fleet and was responsible for orchestrating the pursuit and destruction of the ''Bismarck''. After that he became Commander-in-Chief, The Nore with responsibility for controlling the east coast convoys and organising minesweeping operations. ==Early life and career== Tovey was born on 7 March 1885 at Borley Hill, Rochester, Kent, the youngest child (of eleven) of Lt Col Hamilton Tovey, RE, and Maria Elizabeth Goodhue. He was educated at Durnford School, Langton Matravers (joining the school shortly before another future British admiral, Geoffrey Oliver) and as a naval cadet in the training ship ''Britannia'' at Dartmouth (15 January 1900 – 15 May 1901).〔 Tovey's parents spent much time abroad and as a result, Durnford and its headmaster, Thomas Pellatt, were a significant and happy influence upon the young Tovey. He excelled at sports, playing well at cricket for Durnford and he was a schoolboy international footballer and later played golf for the Royal Navy.〔 Tovey passed out of ''Britannia'' with four months' time awarded (effectively an improvement in seniority) and entered the Royal Navy on 15 May 1901 as a midshipman. A month later he was posted to the battleship , flagship of the Channel Squadron, Vice-Admiral Arthur Wilson. He remained in ''Majestic'' until June 1902, when he transferred to the cruiser HMS ''Ariadne'', flagship on the North America and West Indies Station. Tovey passed his Seamanship examination (1st class) and on his promotion to sub-lieutenant on 15 July 1904, he was transferred from ''Ariadne''. In his time as a midshipman, his performance ratings had all been good or better with comments such as "zealous" and "painstaking", although not without criticisms ("Painstaking & steady but stupid" and "Manner bad with the men"). In 1905, Tovey attended courses in gunnery, torpedo, navigation and pilotage. In November, he was appointed to the flagship, HMS ''Exmouth'', at the request of Admiral Sir Arthur Wilson, the Commander-in-Chief of the Channel Fleet.〔 Tovey's length of service on ''Exmouth'' is unclear, but he was promoted to lieutenant on 15 July 1906. Tovey was appointed, on 18 May 1908, to the armoured cruiser HMS ''King Alfred'', on the China Station, where he served for two years. During 1910, 1911 and 1912, there was a series of appointments to ships of differing types.〔HMS ''Racer'', training ship for Royal Navy College Osborne, May 1910 HMS ''Bellona'' Scout Cruiser in the Atlantic Fleet, June 1911 HMS ''Patrol'' Scout Cruiser in the Home Fleet, November 1911 HMS ''Russell'' battleship, August 1912〕〔 At the start of 1913, Tovey was posted to HMS ''Vivid'' (the naval barracks at Devonport) for trials of HMS ''Amphion'' and subsequently served on ''Amphion'' from 2 April 1913. He was promoted to lieutenant-commander on 15 July 1914.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Tovey, 1st Baron Tovey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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